第6問

(配点 18)
You are working on an essay about whether the voting age in a state of the U.S. should be lowered to 16. You will follow the steps below.

Step 1: Read and understand various viewpoints about lowering the voting age.
Step 2: Take a position about whether or not the voting age should be lowered.
Step 3: Create an outline for an essay using additional sources.
[Step 1] Read various sources
Author A (High school student)
Some of my friends feel that we should have the right to vote at age 16. However, I don't feel ready to become a voter yet. I still have another two years of high school until I graduate, so I still feel like a child in many ways. I also don't know enough about the political system to have a strong opinion about who to vote for. I'd probably just vote for the same party as my parents.
Author B (Teacher)
Many people believe that 16-year-olds are still children, and therefore, should not have the right to vote. I actually believe that 16 is the ideal age for young people to start taking an interest in politics and society. If they are given enough information to make an informed choice, I think they are capable of doing so. However, while we must teach them about politics at school, as teachers we must be careful not to influence them too much with our own personal political opinions.
Author C (Voting station staff)
I've noticed that the number of people who come to vote is dropping every year. That's why I'm in favor of lowering the voting age. Now, the majority of voters are elderly people, with young adults in the minority. If we allow younger people to vote, they will hopefully take a deeper interest in politics and become voters for the rest of their lives. However, if we allow 16-year-olds to vote, we must make sure that they have the motivation to do so, and that they receive a balanced political education. I don't know if schools have the time or experience to do that.
Author D (Psychologist)
Most developmental psychologists agree that the human brain does not finish maturing until we are in our mid-twenties. Therefore, 16-year-olds are still children in a developmental sense. However, this is not the main reason why I disagree with lowering the voting age. Probably there are many 16-year-olds who are mature enough, but I think they lack the knowledge of both politics and society to make a good choice. We cannot do this without huge changes in our education system. I do not support lowering the voting age until school students have enough knowledge to be able to make important decisions.
Author E (Politician)
Statistics show that the majority of voters in my state are in the 45-64 age group. That means that politicians tend to make policies aimed at pleasing older voters. Times are hard for young people now, and I think that if they were able to vote, they could make choices for a brighter future. Some politicians are against lowering the voting age because 16-year-olds will be strongly influenced by the political choices of their teachers or parents, but I believe we should make a better society for everyone, not just our older voters.
問1 Both Authors B and E mention that 25.
問2 The main argument of Author D is that 26.
[Step 2] Take a position
問3 Now that you understand the various viewpoints, you have taken a position on lowering the voting age to 16, and have written it out as below. Choose the best options to complete 27, 28, and 29.
Your position: The voting age should not be lowered to 16.
・ Authors 27 and 28 support your position.
・ The main argument of the two authors: 29.
Options for 27 and 28 (The order does not matter.)
Options for 29
[Step 3] Create an outline using sources A and B
Outline of your essay:
Lowering the voting age is not a good idea
Introduction These days, the number of people who vote in elections is decreasing. Therefore, some people believe the voting age should be lowered to 16 to encourage more people to vote. However, this is not a good idea.
Body Reason 1: (From Step 2)
Reason 2: (Based on Source A) ...... 30
Reason 3: (Based on Source B) ...... 31
Conclusion The voting age should not be lowered to 16.
Source A
In most countries of the world, the age of adulthood has been set as 18 years old, while others set an even higher age as the age of adulthood. The reason why 18-year-olds are considered adults in most countries is because it is the age where young people are developmentally able to make important decisions about their own lives. That is, they can marry without permission, and they can sign legal contracts. Some of them are also likely to be working full-time. It also follows that most countries have matched the age of adulthood with the age of fitness to vote. In fact, the average voting age around the world is just over 18. Most governments believe that anyone not legally considered an adult should not have the right to vote in an election and affect the politics of a country.
Source B
A survey conducted in the US asked people of different age groups whether or not they supported voting rights for 16- and 17-year-olds. Just over 1,000 people who were supporters of various political parties answered the survey questions. There was also a fair balance of genders, ethnic groups, and income.
Support Voting Rights for 16- & 17-Year-Olds
問4 Based on Source A, which of the following is the most appropriate for Reason 2? 30
問5 For Reason 3, you have decided to write, "Lowering the voting age is not supported by Americans." Based on Source B, which option best supports this statement? 31